Difference Between Microcontroller and Microprocessor
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| Tabular explanation Microcontroller vs. Microprocessor |
Hello friends, in this post we will study the difference between microprocessors and microcontrollers.
A microcontroller has many bit handling instructions, furthermore, MC has two types of addressing for the memory bit addressing also byte addressing.
The first difference between MC & MP is that MP contains its Arithmetic logic unit, control unit, Random access memory, Read-only memory, and input & output ports, they are all on different circuits, which means we have to whenever MP wants to have some access to its memory and input-output ports and the serial communication port, we have to use the interfacing because all these components are not present on the single chip.
In the case of MC, the memory, input & output ports, timers, counters, arithmetic, and logic unit, and control unit all are present on the single chip. There is no need for interfacing, all devices are embedded on the single-chip so they can communicate easily.
The second difference we have is, in MP memory and all other peripherals are outside that chip so it has many instructions required to move the data between memory and the central processing unit.
In the case of MC, we only need one or two instructions to required to move the data between memory and a central processing unit.
The third difference, In MP there are only one or two-bit handling instructions.
The fourth difference in Access time for memory and input and output devices are more, whenever MP wants to communicate with the memory and I/O devices more time is taken in comparison to the microcontroller because in MC the memory and I/O devices are built-in.
The fifth difference, in MP we have separate memory units and peripherals so the applications which require the MP need more hardware, whereas in MC all the devices are present on the same chip so less hardware required, in result MP based applications need specialized Printed circuit board and size of PCB will also increase. In contrast,application running on MC does not need large size PCBs hence the reliability of hardware also increased.
The sixth difference, MP is more flexible, a single MP can be used for various applications.MC is less flexible from the designing point of view. We can not use a microcontroller for the different applications using the same hardware. in the case of MP, a single hardware board can perform many applications hence designing cost of MP-based systems is very high in comparison to MC-based systems which is manufactured for only one specific application.
The seventh difference, when we use MP and MC both uses data and program.
Data which is in the raw form and has no role to take any decision.
Programs that tell MC or MP to perform some task on Data to produce some output.
data and programs both stored in memory. In the case of MP, there is a single memory Map means addressing either Data or program MP use to store or read a single memory map. In contrast, MC uses two types of memory one for the data and one for program storage so we can separately point to program and data memory. There is different mapping of the addresses of memory for the data and program in MC.
The eighth difference, MP has less number of Pins that are multifunctional means MP does not allow several digital input signals or digital output signals on a single pin. While MC offers multiple digital outputs using a single pin by using the multiplexing method.
The last point I want to share with you is about power consumption, MP consumes more power to run applications because more hardware requires while MC uses less power due to built-in hardware.
Friends, if you would like to learn more about microcontrollers check out :
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