Vdd(Vcc)
Two pins are used to provide supply voltage to the chip.The typical voltage source is +5V DC.
Vss(GND)
Two pins are also used to for ground.
OSC1 & OSC2
The PIC18F has many options for the Clock source.Most often a quartz crystal controller is connected to input OSC1 & OSC2.The quartz crystal oscillator connected to the OSC1 & OSC2 pins also needs two capacitors.One side of each capacitor is connected to the the ground as shown in figure below:
PIC18F microcontroller can have speeds of up to 40 MHz.
Easy Programming PICKIT3.5 PIC KIT3.5 PICKIT
MCLR
Pin1 (in the PIC18F4548 40-pin DIP) is the MCLR (master clear reset) pin. It is an input and is active-Low (normally High),When a low pulse is applied to this pin,the microcontroller will reset and terminate all activities.This is often referred to as a power-on reset (POR).
Port A, B, C, D & E
The Ports PORTA, PORTB, PORTC, PORTD, and PORTE use a total of 33 pins. All the ports upon RESET are configured as input, because TRISA-TRISE(the direction of this port is controlled by TRIS " A data direction register") have the value FFH on them. The following Tables provide summarizes of features pf ports PORTA-PORTE and their alternative functions. We will see the alternative functions of these pins in future.
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